Private Right of Action
Private rights of action allow individuals within the U.S. to file civil lawsuits when their rights are violated, creating a pathway for enforcement beyond regulators. As state privacy laws emerge, debate over private right of action provisions for privacy violations will determine how much power consumers will have under laws like California's Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) and Illinois' Biometric Information Privacy Act (BIPA). State laws differ significantly on key issues like standing, statutory damages and federal preemption, leading to inconsistent legal requirements and risk across jurisdictions. This page tracks active litigation, proposed legislation and precedent that could define the future of private enforcement in privacy law.
Search Primer
Term list: Separate terms with spaces, not commas or semicolons.
Multi-word term: Place inside quotes to ensure an exact match (e.g. "China import").
Acronyms: Use all capital letters to ensure the search is not looking for that letter sequence instead.
Required term: If a term must be included in any resulting articles, prefix it with a plus sign (e.g., +CBP).
Excluded term: If a term should be excluded from any articles being found, prefix it with a minus sign (e.g., -ruling).
Singular form: Always use the singular form when doing multi-word terms (e.g. "russian export control" instead of "russian export controls").
Shortest word form: When you have different word forms in a quoted (multi-word) term, you want to only include the shortest version if it is the last part of the expression (e.g., "entity list" instead of "entity listing" or "entity listed").