President Donald Trump was silent on trade frictions when he appeared before tens of thousands of Indian-Americans in Houston on Sept. 22. On stage with him, India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi only hinted at a possible solution to India's expulsion from the Generalized System of Preferences benefits program (see 1909060029). According to a transcript of the event issued by the White House, Modi said that over the next two to three days, he and Trump would discuss economic issues. "I hope that from these discussions as well we will have very positive results," he said. "By the way, President Trump calls me a tough negotiator. However, he himself is quite an expert in the 'art of the deal.' And I am learning quite a lot from him."
U.S. and India face significant trade tensions that won't be easily solved, a trade expert said, adding that India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi has taken more steps to close off trade than the country’s past two leaders. “I get asked, is India the next [U.S.] target?” said Rick Rossow, a senior adviser for U.S.-India policy at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. “Those of us that are in the trenches, there are already bombs dropping. There are already bullets whizzing by. It's pretty serious.”
Rep. Dan Newhouse, R-Wash., sent a letter to U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer asking him to prioritize the removal of Section 232 retaliatory tariffs from India, which have resulted in a 70 percent tariff on U.S. apples in that country. Before the U.S. hit Indian steel with 25 percent tariffs, U.S. apples were taxed at 50 percent in India. India held off on retaliation for more than a year, but when the U.S. announced it would terminate India's eligibility for the Generalized System of Preferences benefits program, it responded in kind (see 1906170053).
The U.S. trade representative and India's Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal have been talking on the phone, with the goal of trading a return to the Generalized System of Preferences benefits program for better agricultural access, according to two sources following the trade talks. The original industry complaints about market access filed with USTR, requesting that India be expelled from GSP privileges were from the medical device industry and from the dairy industry. A lawyer following the trade talks said that "there's talk -- and this is still a very contentious issue" -- that the pricing controls on medical devices, such as stents, would be changed in India.
Bangladesh’s Export Promotion Bureau is expected to soon launch an online registration system that will require companies that export to the European Union, Switzerland or Norway to “self-issue” certificates of origin for their goods, according to a July 25 report from the Hong Kong Trade Development Council. Companies will have until June 30, 2020, to register with the bureau and obtain an EU Registered Exporter number, which will allow them to self-issue certificates of origin for a 12-month period, the report said. Companies will need to register annually to “maintain their [Generalized System of Preferences] entitlement,” the report said.
India’s decision to impose retaliatory tariffs on U.S. goods was expected by most of the U.S. business community, which has been preparing for the announcement for months, said Amy Hariani, vice president of the U.S.-India Business Council at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce.
Turkey will reduce import tariffs on 22 U.S. products in response to the U.S.’s May 16 decision to cut tariffs on Turkish steel imports, Turkey’s Trade Minister Ruhsar Pekcan announced May 22 on Twitter. Pekcan said Turkey will reduce tariffs from $521.2 million to $260.6 million on certain U.S. imports after the U.S. announced it decreased tariffs on Turkish iron and steel from 50 percent to 25 percent. The U.S. also said in its announcement that it was terminating Turkey’s eligibility for benefits under the Generalized System of Preferences. “We’ll keep working on eradicating all obstacles to our bilateral trade and achieving 75 billion USD trade volume target set by our Presidents,” Pekcan said. The 22 U.S. products affected by Turkey's tariff reduction include passenger cars, alcohol, tobacco, cosmetics and polyvinyl chloride, Reuters reported May 21, saying that Turkey plans to cut in half the tariff rates on at least those five products and lower the rates on other goods. The new tariff rates will take effect this week, Reuters said.
Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross, speaking May 7 in New Delhi, chided India for its high tariffs and non-tariff barriers, blaming them for the trade deficit with the U.S. He did not acknowledge the termination of the Generalized System of Preferences benefits for India. Although the administration warned India could be terminated from the GSP program as of May 4, so far, that has not happened. However, Ross did tell a local TV station, according to Reuters, that retaliation for the end of GSP would be inappropriate.
Canada and Colombia were removed from the priority watch list for intellectual property violations, and Tajikistan moved off the watch list, according to the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative's annual review of countries' policies on patents, trade secrets, counterfeits and piracy. Saudi Arabia was moved up to the priority watch list because of deteriorating conditions there, including "rampant satellite and online piracy," a USTR official said April 25.
In the April 23 edition of the Official Journal of the European Union the following trade-related notices were posted: