A recent Congressional Research Service report on the phase one deal with China notes that there has been little discussion about how to enforce what China agreed to, and how to address issues that phase one didn't touch but were highlighted in the Section 301 report.

The following lawsuits were recently filed at the Court of International Trade:

The Office of the U.S. Trade Representative extended for another six months to Nov. 30 its Section 301 tariff exclusions on 81 COVID-19 related product classifications from China that were due to expire at midnight Tuesday, said an agency notice late Friday afternoon. It was USTR’s second six-month extension on the import classifications covering “medical-care and/or COVID response” products, it said. “In light of the continuing efforts to combat COVID–19,” USTR determined that a six-month extension was “warranted,” it said. The decision took into account public comments previously provided, plus input from industry advisory committees and the interagency Section 301 committee, it said.

An aggressive timeline that aims to file a conference report by June 21 for the House and Senate China packages has lobbyists speculating that none of the proposals in the trade titles will be in the final bill because the two chambers are too far apart. The two chambers have relatively similar renewals of the Generalized System of Preferences benefits program and a big difference in their renewals of the Miscellaneous Tariff Bill. Each chamber has proposals the other doesn't, such as directing the administration to reopen Section 301 exclusions (Senate only); changing antidumping and countervailing duty laws (House only); removing China's eligibility for de minimis benefits (House only); and renewing and expanding Trade Adjustment Assistance (House only).

The following lawsuits were filed at the Court of International Trade during the weeks of May 16-22 and 23-29:

Industrial diamonds from China further processed into superabbrasives in Romania should not be subject to additional Section 301 tariffs as products of China, Lieber & Solow, which does business as Lands Superabrasives, said in a complaint filed May 27 at the Court of International Trade. The companies argue that the industrial diamond crystals from China became objects of a different character, identity and use after processing in Romania and should be Romanian products for tariff purposes. Lands asked the court to find Romania as the correct country of origin and order CBP to reliquidate the merchandise with refunds of excess duties and interest (Lieber & Solow Ltd. d/b/a Lands Superabrasives, Co. v. United States, CIT # 21-00623).

CBP issued the following releases on commercial trade and related matters:​

The government is opposing the consolidation or test case designation of four cases involving hardwood plywood imported by Richmond International Forest Products (RIFP) at the Court of International Trade. In a motion filed May 27, the government said RIFP has already proved its products are not of Chinese origin in the case RIFP designated as a test case, but that the court would still need to consider the three other cases on an entry-specific basis (Richmond International Forest Products Inc. v. United States, CIT # 21-00063, 21-00178, 21-00318, 21-00319).

The Office of the U.S. Trade Representative extended for another six months to Nov. 30 its Section 301 tariff exclusions on 81 COVID-19 related product classifications from China that were due to expire at midnight Tuesday, said an agency notice late Friday afternoon. It was USTR’s second six-month extension on the import classifications covering “medical-care and/or COVID response” products, it said. “In light of the continuing efforts to combat COVID–19,” USTR determined that a six-month extension was “warranted,” it said. The decision took into account public comments previously provided, plus input from industry advisory committees and the interagency Section 301 committee, it said.

The National Council of Textile Organizations is arguing that the yarn-forward rule for the Dominican Republic-Central America Free Trade Agreement must be retained, because it is driving what it calls "massive investment" in the countries in Central America. The letter it sent to Vice President Kamala Harris on May 31 is timed to her attendance at the Summit of the Americas, and recognizes her role to try to mitigate the poverty and corruption that leads Central Americans to migrate to the U.S. without visas.